Although animal populations evolved to live in complex and variable environments, many ongoing changes in land use and climate impose stressors that threaten the persistence of sensitive populations. Whether an organism thrives or declines in a given location is often the result of ecological dynamics (e.g., species behavior, vital rates, and natural history) within the context of a myriad of resources and risks in the natural environment. Habitats often limit species through the availability of food resources, reproductive opportunities (e.g., nest site availability, breeding productivity), exposure to environmental toxins, presence of pathogens/parasites, and weather conditions, to name a few. Understanding how organismal and environmental factors interact to drive species population dynamics requires studies that span large spatio-temporal scales and integrate across levels of biological organization, from molecular to macro-ecological. I have focused my research on various bird and insect species because these two groups (Classes Aves and Insecta) can be easily studied from a wide array of perspectives and both groups include many species in need of conservation action. In particular, I focus primarily on species occurring in North American forests, wherein management conditions can dramatically alter species presence, survival, and reproduction. My work aims to understand how land use practices and management recommendations can be modified to mitigate the effects of larger scale changes in land use and climate on animal population ecology. To facilitate the large-scale monitoring needed for these studies, I have used and developed novel techniques for rapid population assessments (e.g., acoustic surveys for both insects and birds), automated monitoring of population dynamics (e.g., autonomous recording units), detailed habitat use data (e.g., via radio telemetry), and novel technological approaches to track habitat use and demography. I pair these data with advanced analytical approaches to model population dynamics and habitat associations to generalize ecological patterns across broad geographic extents. This provides biologists with an improved understand the ecological drivers behind species distributions and informs the conservation needs for imperiled species.